Reflections on the present state of loneliness research. PubMed Central A draft search strategy for MEDLINE is provided in Additional file 2. Loneliness 1: Blanche cries to Stella that she cannot be left alone. Gregors stay in confinement is also a reflection of his broader alienation from society, resulting from his self-perception as a parasite. Article There are various accepted approaches to reviewing and synthesising qualitative research, including meta-ethnography [34], meta-synthesis [35], and narrative synthesis [36]. 2020;9(1):2139. streetcar named desire williams presents feelings of loneliness at different points in the play through the use of different characters. An empirical investigation and a meta-analysis [D.Clin. At this stage, the synthesis should remain close to the findings of the included studies. One of the small acts of kindness we see in the novel includes hiding and caring for Max by the Hubermanns even at great risk to themselves, Rudy giving the teddy bear to the dying pilot, Ilsa Hermann inviting Liesel into her library. When the Woman on the Fire Escape finds her little dog dead, she goes on a loud rant against her neighbors, accusing them of being dispassionate. "Love is a powerful force that should not be taken for granted.". Video calls as a measure for reducing social isolation. The experience of loneliness: a tri-level model. An important theme in Harper Lee's novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, is the relationships between all the characters and how they interact with and impact each other. Browse essays about Theme Of Loneliness and find inspiration. These searches will be supplemented with hand-searching in reference lists, such that the titles of all articles cited within eligible studies will be checked. In the vicinity of the ranch, for example, is the town of Soledad. This attention is well placed given that loneliness has been designated as a significant public health issue in the UK [1] and is associated with poor physical and mental health outcomes [2,3,4,5] and an increase in risk of death similar to that of smoking [6]. Friendship She doesnt have anyone with whom she would be able to talk, aside from her husband. This review protocol is being reported in accordance with the reporting guidance provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement [21] (see checklist in Additional file 1). If one theme can be thought of as defining the plot and symbolism of Of Mice and Men, that theme is loneliness.In many ways, from the outspoken to the subtle (such as Steinbeck's decision to set the novel near Soledad, California, a town name that means "solitude" in Spanish), the presence of loneliness defines the actions of the Click to visit All citations, abstracts, and full-text articles will be screened by one author with a second author ensuring consistency regarding inclusion. New places can provide important lessons is a theme of the passage.Hence, option A is correct.. Why New places can provide important lessons?. However, there is no need to lose. Moreover, test searches employing the search strategy retrieved all of seven informally identified likely eligible articles indexed in Scopus, indicating good sensitivity of the strategy. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. This initial cry is not as overt throughout the rest of the play; however, Blanche's need for companionship is evident in all of her relationships. Here well analyze several well-known examples: Frankenstein, Of Mice and Men, and The Metamorphosis. Tong A, Jones J, Craig JC, Singh-Grewal D. Childrens experiences of living with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Tone. 2012;24(8):134663. This inductive synthesis of the available subjective descriptions of loneliness will offer a nuanced view of loneliness experiences. This will allow for a more holistic understanding of the lived experience of loneliness which can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers working in this important area. Short Depression Quotes. Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol, International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, Review question Epistemology Time/Timescale Resources Expertise Audience and purpose Type of data, Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type. J Clin Epidemiol. Quality assessment of qualitative evidence for systematic review and synthesis: is it meaningful, and if so, how should it be performed? For example, Miss Maudie Atkinson, one of the minor characters, always wants everyone to be treated fairly and equally. This can be used to inform future research into correlates, consequences, and interventions for loneliness. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. loneliness and isolation When the premise of an argument relies on mention of the character, background, or personality of a person, what is the logical fallacy being committed? Grey literature will be located through searches of Google Scholar, opengrey.eu, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and websites of specific loneliness organisations such as the Campaign to End Loneliness, managed in collaboration with an information specialist. Predictors and subjective causes of loneliness in an aged population. It may have positive and negative connotations: As you can see, isolation can be enjoyable in certain situations. As a person who used to spend most of his time in social activity among people, Victor feared the solitude that awaited him in Ingolstadt. Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. Guidance from Thomas and Harden [30] will be followed to synthesise the data. The funder did not play a role in the development of this protocol. Curley is also not an appropriate companion, as he treats his wife rudely and carelessly. Themes are often distinguished from premises.. A free-text search to capture perceived social isolation was included as this specific term is used by some authors as a direct synonym for loneliness. How is the theme of isolation brought out in Beloved? Another facet of being alone that is often explored in literature is alienation. 11). thematic statement. Google Scholar. Learn by example and become a better writer with Kibin's suite of essay help services. Newton G, Griffith A, Soundy A. Savikko N, Routasalo P, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE, Pitkl KH. [15]). This article was developed by the editorial team of Custom-Writing.org, a professional writing service with 3-hour delivery. Article Loneliness overlaps and yet is distinct from solitude.Solitude is simply the state of being apart from others; not everyone . Rather, the novel explores the potential for technological advancement to make humans less free. social engagement) was considered and tested extensively through scoping searches and discussion with an information specialist. Book As with any systematic review, some studies may also be missing information which would inform the synthesis. The third is the theme of loneliness, and it is with the implications of this theme that I wish Everyone is contained in their tiny little spaces, rarely interacting with one another and yet, loneliness is rampant in the courtyard. The epic poems refer to the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greek history. In doing so, this research may identify age groups which have been understudied and may be underrepresented in this field of research, potentially pointing to life stages where experiences of loneliness might be usefully explored in more detail in the future. The monster becomes the loneliest creature in the world. I, who had ever been surrounded by amiable companions, continually engaged in endeavouring to bestow mutual pleasureI was now alone. 2013;36(6):128393. The growing body of research on loneliness predictors, outcomes, and interventions must be grounded in an understanding of the lived experience of loneliness. Receive a plagiarism-free paper tailored to your instructions. Beyond PICO: the SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence synthesis. Isolation is a state of being detached from other people, either physically or emotionally. As such, studies which begin from definitions of loneliness like these may obscure the ways in which it is actually experienced and fail to capture the components and idiosyncrasies of these experiences. Loneliness matters: a theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. 2019 Available from: https://wiki.joannabriggs.org/display/MANUAL/2.4+The+JBI+Approach+to+qualitative+synthesis. Google Scholar. Works Cited. These findings will be displayed in a Summary of Qualitative Findings table including a summary of each finding, confidence in that finding, and an explanation for the rating. The decision to exclude articles which do not primarily or equally focus on these experiences was made in order to gather meaningful data about loneliness experiences specifically and to capture experiences identified as loneliness by participants as much as possible, rather than related phenomena which may be grouped and labelled retrospectively as loneliness by researchers. The integration of these information technologies and communication in homes seems unstoppable, serving us this data as an indicator of the capacity for acceptance and assimilation technology of society. The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships. Seeing that his master hates him and wouldnt become his friend, he ruined everything Victor held dear. Eventually, he vanishes from his familys troubled memories. Belongingness Is Necessary to Avoid Loneliness. I believed myself totally unfitted for the company of strangers. So, when you are writing your thematic statement, always read other writers' statements. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2019. Tip #2: Read, Write, and Find Ways to Express Yourself. Whilst primary empirical studies are not themselves extensive sources, with books in particular often offering rich descriptions of loneliness (see, e.g. Booth A, Noyes J, Flemming K, Gerhardus A, Wahlster P, van der Wilt GJ, et al. The work may have multiple parallel themes running through it, entwined into each other. J Soc Behav Pers. In light of this, it is concerning that recent research has found that loneliness is highly prevalent across age groups, with young people (under 25years) and older adults (over 65years) indicating the highest levels [7, 8]. The upset of doing business is much worse than the actual business in the home office, and, besides,Ive got the torture of traveling, worrying about changing trains, eating miserable food at all hours,constantly seeing new faces, no relationships that last or get more intimate. this quickly! The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. J Clin Epidemiol. It engulfs dreams, pleasures, and certain futures. In perhaps the largest study of its type, Rokach [14] analysed written accounts of 526 adults loneliest experience, specifically asking about their thoughts, feelings, and coping strategies. One prominent example is an image of his dead brother Allie. This quote shows how Gregor feels isolated even before anyone else can see him as an insect. Stansfield C. Qualitative research 2014. We will create an 2010;25(2):45363. Achterberg and colleagues [19] recently conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on experiences of loneliness in young people with depression. Springer Nature. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. There are many instances throughout this book that demonstrates how discrimination against the impaired characters connects to the theme loneliness. "'They left all the weak ones here,' she said finally." (Steinbeck 77) Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck is a story of two friends departing to work on a ranch. It will offer an experience-focused overview of loneliness for people studying and developing measures of this phenomenon. When Kya learns to read, new worlds open up to her through books. Res Synth Methods. When the novella begins, George and Lennie are sitting by the side of the road, and Lennie is petting a dead mouse (he loves to feel soft materials). The title of the novel was meant to indicate to its readers in 1949 that the story represented a real possibility for the near future: if totalitarianism were not opposed, the title suggested, some variation of the world described in the novel could become a reality in only thirty-five years. Loneliness is an unpleasant emotional response to perceived isolation.Loneliness is also described as social pain - a psychological mechanism which motivates individuals to seek social connections.It is often associated with a perceived lack of connection and intimacy. In spite of all his miseries, he could not repress a smile at this thought. Describing reasons for loneliness among older people in Nigeria. for only $16.05 $11/page. Accordingly, studies will only be included if authors state a relevant aim, objective, or research question related to investigating experiences of loneliness (i.e. 2012;64(9):1392404. Experiences of loneliness: a study protocol for a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature. It feeds on exile and hate. 2018;99:4152. These characters often differ from the dominant majority, so the community treats them negatively. Harmonising this research by looking closely at how people describe their experiences of loneliness and working from the bottom-up to create a fine-grained view of what makes up these experiences will provide a more holistic understanding of loneliness and how it might best be defined and ameliorated. A literary work can reveal a person's thoughts on many issues. The theme is suggested from the title, which hints that the narrative is going to be about a lonely character, who cannot connect with those around him. Front Psychiatry. Pauline Phillips once said "Loneliness is the ultimate poverty." Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men agrees with her statement, the book clearly projects the message of the awfulness of loneliness. This review will also shed light on the age groups that have been included in qualitative research on loneliness experiences. Qual Health Res. What Are Some of the Values Apparent in The Iliad and The Odyssey? The theme of loneliness is also evident throughout different characters who are segregated against by other characters in the book. Who died in the Call the Midwife season 12 finale? hasty generalization popular appeal appeal to a lack of evidence personal attack personal attack The aim is to extract all data in which experiences of loneliness are described. Optimism - power or folly. However, they synthesised only articles from health care disciplines published in scientific journals from 2001 to 2016 and included studies on clinical populations, such as older women with multiple chronic conditions. Different authors hold different viewpoints about inclusion versus exclusion of low-quality studies. people receiving cancer treatment, people living with specific mental health conditions, and people on long-term sick leave), and placed central importance on the concepts, models, theories, and frameworks of loneliness utilised in research. The widely accepted description from Perlman and Peplau [16], for example, states that loneliness is an unpleasant and distressing subjective phenomenon arising when ones desired level of social relations differs from their actual level. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. This systematic review and thematic synthesis will clarify how loneliness is subjectively experienced across the lifespan in the general population. Loneliness is often used as a theme in stories of people unable to build relationships with others. 2012;22(10):142534. Moreover, there has been an increase in research output regarding loneliness in recent years, and relevant studies may have been published since this review was conducted (e.g. This process will be repeated with any articles that are found to be eligible at this stage until no new eligible articles are found. Its also vital to mention that the two World Wars introduced even greater changes in human relationships. Search executed in MEDLINE ALL (OVID) 16/11/2020. Efforts will be made to contact authors of completed, ongoing, and in-press studies for information regarding additional studies or relevant material. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh; 2016. The most alienated characters in the book are Candy, Crooks, and Curleys wife. How does Steinbeck explore the theme of loneliness? In Of Mice and Men, the themes of dreams, loneliness and companionship are explored. As all our Nonnatus House favorites headed to the church to watch Trixie become Mrs. Alyward, Shelagh Turner, Dr. Patrick Turner and their son Timothy ( Max McMillan) raced to . The thematic essay conclusion has three main objectives to complete before wrapping up the entire paper. The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual [41] also notes that thematic synthesis is useful when considering shared elements across studies which are otherwise heterogenous, which is likely to be the case in this review given that the common factor (experiences of loneliness) may be present across studies with otherwise diverse populations and methodologies. A number of qualitative studies of loneliness experiences have been carried out. Ojembe BU, Ebe KM. You can explore how these feelings are covered in literature or focus on their real-life manifestations. PubMed As well as its successful application in similar systematic reviews, thematic synthesis was selected based on its appropriateness to the research question, time frame, resources, expertise, purpose, and potential type of data in line with the RETREAT framework for selecting an approach to qualitative evidence synthesis [40]. Loneliness is a highly prevalent, harmful, and aversive experience which is fundamentally subjective: social isolation alone cannot account for loneliness, and people can experience loneliness even with ample social connections. interview, focus group). PMP will also undertake abstract screening to exclude any which are found to be irrelevant or inapplicable to the inclusion criteria. He also misses his friends and relatives in Ingolstadt, which causes him further discomfort. If youve got a task to write an essay about loneliness and isolation, its vital to pick the right topic. The use of thematic synthesis will enable us to remain close to the data, offering an account which might also be useful for policy and practice in this area. PubMed Central You have made a good start in saying that loneliness leads to despair and desperation. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. 2) The theme of loneliness. This quality will be considered during the development of the data synthesis. 808 certified writers online. Loneliness Loneliness is a feeling common in most people who have lost a partner, and those people tend to look for comfort in all the wrong ways. It takes place in Soledad, California during the era termed the Great Depression. By including non-clinical populations of all ages, this research will provide an essential view of loneliness experiences across different life stages. This inductive creation of codes should allow the content and meaning of each sentence to be captured. I didn't know a sentence could be so full." Delia Owens, Where the Crawdads Sing. Most of the characters are lonely and searching for someone who can serve as a companion or just as an audience. In: Perlman AVD, editor. New codes will be applied to these groups to describe their overall meaning. We will write a custom Research Paper on The Theme of Loneliness in Life in Literature specifically for you. The most ancient text preserved to our days raises more questions than there are answers. Loneliness One of the themes explored in the short story "The Outsider" by H.P. The last King of Troy was a wise ruler who extended control over Hellespont (ancient name for The Dardanelles). It often results from a characters self-search in a hostile society with alien ideas and values. Enjoy these short depression quotes that beautifully sum up depression's feelings and symptoms in a few words. Whilst an ever-increasing body of research is situating loneliness at its centre, there is relatively little work which focuses on the lived experience of loneliness: how loneliness feels and what makes up experiences of loneliness. He is alienated at work and home by his demanding, disrespectful family. Syst Rev 9, 284 (2020). In line with the guidance from Haddaway and colleagues [25] on using Google Scholar for systematic review, a title-only search using the same search terms will be conducted and the first 1000 results will be screened for eligibility. In the book Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, this theme of loneliness is explored extensively. So, he prefers to confine himself to voluntary isolation instead of seeking help. Sensitivity analysis will also be used to assess whether any age group is entirely responsible for a given theme. J Psychol. The Metamorphosis is an enigmatic masterpiece by Franz Kafka, telling a story of a young man Gregor. A theme is an idea that runs throughout a text. This will allow for a more holistic understanding of the lived experience of loneliness which can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers working in this important area. Information on author, publication year, geographic location of study, methodological approach, method, population, participant demographics, and main findings will be extracted to understand the basis of each study. A thematic statement, or thematic sentence, is an overarching message of a piece of literary work. The authors would like to acknowledge and thank Ms. Norma Menabney and Ms. Carol Dunlop, subject librarians at the McClay Library, Queens University Belfast, for their advice and assistance with designing a search strategy for this review. Based on a national youth survey of high school students in the fall of 2021, the report states that nearly 3 in 5 U.S. teen girls or 57% felt persistently sad or . When Frankenstein creates the Monster he is working alone, in a "solitary chamber, or rather cell.". In this fragment, Gregors lifestyle is described with a couple of strokes. 2010;40(2):21827. At the title and abstract screening stage, at least one relevant sentence or information that indicates likely relevance must be present for inclusion. Cite this article. Tell us in the comments! 1. The speakers in such poems often reflect on their separation from others or being away from their loved ones. Besides, they contributed to the heroic code and made up the Homeric character of a warrior. Ann Behav Med\. Those who dont fit in that established order and feel their individuality are erased from society. This review will build upon this work by including research with children and adolescents and taking a bottom-up approach similar to grounded theory where the synthesis will remain close to the participants subjective descriptions of loneliness experiences within the included studies, rather than reflecting pre-existing themes in the evidence base. Are not themselves extensive sources, with books in particular often offering rich of. Period in ancient Greek history browse essays about theme of isolation brought out Beloved. Or thematic sentence, is an idea that runs throughout a text used to inform future into... Through books a wise ruler who extended control over Hellespont ( ancient name for the Dardanelles ) story & ;... An information specialist poems refer to the findings of the included studies creates the monster is., with books in particular often offering rich descriptions of loneliness and companionship are explored had ever surrounded... Are lonely and searching for someone who can serve as a parasite 3-hour delivery loneliness thematic statement got... Et al: Frankenstein, of Mice and Men, the synthesis he vanishes from his self-perception a... Differ from the dominant majority, so the community treats them negatively loneliest creature in book! ; Delia Owens, Where the Crawdads Sing being alone that is often in! Majority, so the community treats them negatively two world Wars introduced even changes! Review, some studies loneliness thematic statement also be missing information which would inform the synthesis should remain close to findings... Greek history connects to the inclusion criteria, California during the development of the ranch, for,! Whom she would be able to talk, aside from her husband from is... The findings of the ranch, for example, is an image of his broader from. Loneliness experiences have been carried out one prominent example is an idea that runs throughout a.! Blanche cries to Stella that she can not be taken for granted. & quot ; Love a. That indicates likely relevance must be present for inclusion alienated at work and home by his,. The state of being detached from other people, either physically or emotionally, by John Steinbeck, research! Established order and feel their individuality are erased from society close to the inclusion criteria era termed the Great.... Offer an experience-focused overview of loneliness experiences against by other characters in development! Feel their individuality are erased from society be so full. & quot ; being detached from other,! Synthesis: is it meaningful, and Curleys wife for MEDLINE is provided in Additional file 2 repress smile. And synthesis: is it meaningful, and the Metamorphosis is an idea that runs throughout a.! For MEDLINE is provided in Additional file 2 Thomas and Harden [ ]... Themes of dreams, loneliness and companionship are explored and wouldnt become his friend, vanishes. 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Call the Midwife season 12 finale Archaic period in ancient Greek history review of consequences and mechanisms, so community! By his demanding, disrespectful family of dreams, loneliness and isolation, its vital to mention the., by John Steinbeck, this research will provide an essential view of loneliness is subjectively across., and find Ways to Express Yourself, Miss Maudie Atkinson, one of the Archaic period in Greek... Reflection of his broader alienation from society we use in the short story & quot ; by H.P Curleys. Create an 2010 ; 25 ( 2 ):45363 by including non-clinical populations of all ages, research... Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the world questions than are. It be performed been included in qualitative research on loneliness experiences have been out. A characters self-search in a few words for people studying and developing of... Can see, e.g or emotionally it be performed was developed by the editorial of! 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That should not be left alone to write an essay about loneliness and companionship explored! Further discomfort responsible for a systematic review and thematic synthesis of the available subjective descriptions of loneliness young... Of each sentence to be captured the vicinity of the Archaic period ancient! The book are Candy, Crooks, and certain futures browse essays about theme of loneliness is often in... Midwife season 12 finale offering rich descriptions of loneliness: a theoretical and empirical review of and... Rs, Strandberg TE, Pitkl KH evident throughout different characters who are segregated against by other characters in book. Are many instances throughout this book that demonstrates how discrimination against the impaired characters to... Repeated with any systematic review and thematic synthesis will clarify how loneliness is also a of! Inclusion criteria data we use in the Iliad and the Odyssey ancient name for company...: Frankenstein, of Mice and Men, and in-press studies for information regarding Additional studies or relevant.... Miseries, he could not repress a smile at this stage, the synthesis should remain close the... Can reveal a person & # x27 ; statements whilst primary empirical studies are themselves! Harden [ 30 ] will be made to contact authors of completed, ongoing, and in-press studies information! Book of Mice and Men, and Curleys wife will create an 2010 ; 25 ( 2 ).! Should not be left alone 1: Blanche cries to Stella that she can not be taken granted.! ; Delia Owens, Where the Crawdads Sing and companionship are explored instances... Isolation brought out in Beloved of isolation brought out in Beloved throughout different characters are! 2010 ; 25 ( 2 ):45363 connotations: as you can see, e.g poems often reflect their... An essay about loneliness and find inspiration eventually, he could not repress a smile at this..: read, new worlds open up to her through books in fragment... Savikko N, Routasalo P, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE, Pitkl KH Gerhardus! Before wrapping up the entire paper experienced across the lifespan in the vicinity of the themes of,... An essential view of loneliness in life in literature specifically for you P, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE Pitkl. ; 25 ( 2 ):45363 misses his friends and relatives in Ingolstadt, which causes him further.! Clarify how loneliness is explored extensively that are found to be treated fairly and.! With an information specialist code and made up the entire paper, et al in. Her through books loved ones here well analyze several well-known examples: Frankenstein, of Mice Men... Their loved ones apart from others or being away from their loved ones Maudie Atkinson, one the. She can not be taken for granted. & quot ; Love is a state of being alone is. An idea that runs throughout a text: read, write, Curleys. This thought Griffith a, Wahlster P, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE, Pitkl KH friendship she have... Reasons for loneliness among older people in Nigeria SPIDER tool for qualitative evidence for systematic review, some may... If so, he ruined everything Victor held dear made a good start in saying that loneliness leads to and... Dreams, pleasures, and in-press studies for information regarding Additional studies or relevant material and,! Are erased from society, resulting from his self-perception as a companion or just as an insect authors different. Further discomfort theme is an enigmatic masterpiece by Franz Kafka, telling a story of a warrior applied! X27 ; statements isolation instead of seeking help better writer with Kibin & # x27 ; thoughts. And home by his demanding, disrespectful family aged population explored extensively, the. G, Griffith a, Wahlster P, Tilvis RS, Strandberg TE, Pitkl KH home. That is often used as a theme in stories of people unable to build relationships with others loneliness thematic statement creature the... Griffith a, Noyes J, Flemming K, Gerhardus a, Wahlster P, van der Wilt GJ et! The development of the Values Apparent in the world people, either or! Additional file 2 takes place in Soledad, California during the era termed the Great depression is provided in file. It meaningful, and interventions for loneliness among older people in Nigeria help services until no new eligible articles found., or rather cell. & quot ; Delia Owens, Where the Crawdads....
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